most stuff seems to be pretty fluid between threads and cores… tho most often a core is slightly better than a thread…
i think some of the very modern software are starting to be better at utilizing cores, but generally i always aim for getting hyperthreading or multithreading on my cpu’s as it gives them much more performance for generally next to no added cost.
also dug into thread vs core performance a while back… there was basically no difference, tho in some computations the threads struggle or isn’t gaining any advantages at all…
this is supposedly due to the computational units inside each core of the cpu… when doing hyperthreading, each thread has its own computational units… i forget what those are named, FPU maybe… floating point units, these deal with certain kinds of math, however there are more complex computational units also, a hyper threading core will have multiple FPU’s which it then routes stuff through… and thus can do twice the work… both threads however share the higher level computational units, and thus if the computation are heavy on those, then no amount of extra threads will help…
kinda like the SPARC CPU’s which have like 10 floating point units pr core… they are immensely strong in floatingpoint, but the higher level stuff they might not be much better than a regular core.
ofc on top of this comes the clocks, because you can do a certain number of operations pr clock cycle, usually 1 or 2 but i believe there are more in some cases… the faster the clock the more computations, it’s really all you have to look at for general computing speeds comparison across different generations of cpu’s over the last 10 years…
clock and threads, ofc it might be off by 10-25% because some cpu’s have different caches and technologies… and for some specialized workloads there might be immense gains… but for general computing, you don’t need to look at much more…
but like i said, i think you can run as many nodes as you like pr core or thread… however don’t expect 10 x 24tb nodes to run on 1 thread / core.