I recommend using ext4, even on my biggest node that is 92% full, I’m only using 5% of inodes.
I’m not sure how xfs inodes are created when you format the disk.
You may use ext4 even if you use LVM
LVM just a disk/partition manager, it’s unrelated to the filesystem.
The filesystem is a next level of abstraction, so you may have LVM and use ext4 (or any other filesystem).
This is a bad sign. The temp directory normally only holds files while they are being uploaded. It is rare that I observe more than a few files being there. A large number here may mean that your node crashed many times, or the I/O is too slow.