Hello @Putrefax ,
Welcome to the forum!
You need to enable ssh and Container Station on your NAS, login to your NAS via ssh and follow guide for CLI: CLI Install - Node Operator
You should skip the docker installation, since it will be installed during Container Station enabling.
I would recommend to create your identity on more powerful device (i.e. your PC/Mac), then authorize it and transfer to the NAS.
The node setup is some kind of exam to be a Storage Node Operator, so there is no Download → Next → Done kind of setup. You should be able to diagnose and solve issues with your node. We can help you if you would have problems, just describe your problem with details.
In most cases you can find solution here: Search results for '#sno-category:sno-start tags:synology-nas' - Storj Community Forum (official)
More common problems you can search through all forum, not only tagged for Synology